ʻO ka silikoni a me ka oxygen nā mea ʻelua i hoʻolaha nui ʻia i ka ʻōpala o ka Honua.Ma waho aʻe o ka hana ʻana iā SiO2, hui pū lākou e hana i nā mineral silicate nui loa i loaʻa i loko o ka ʻōpala.Aia ma kahi o 800 mau mineral silicate i ʻike ʻia, e helu ana no kahi hapakolu o nā ʻano mineral i ʻike ʻia.Hoʻohui pū ʻia lākou ma kahi o 85% o ka ʻōpala o ka Honua a me ka lithosphere ma ke kaupaona.ʻAʻole ʻo kēia mau minela ka mea nui o nā pōhaku igneous, sedimentary, a me metamorphic akā lilo pū kekahi i kumu no ka nui o nā mea metala ʻole a me nā mea hao.ʻO nā laʻana he quartz, feldspar, kaolinite, illite, bentonite, talc, mica, asbestos, wollastonite, pyroxene, amphibole, kyanite, garnet, zircon, diatomite, serpentine, peridotite, andalusite, biotite, a me muscovite.
1. Feldspar
◆Nā Pono Kino: ʻO Feldspar kahi mineral i hoʻolaha nui ʻia ma ka Honua.Kapa ʻia ʻo feldspar waiwai nui i ka potassium.ʻO Orthoclase, microcline, a me albite nā laʻana o nā mineral feldspar potassium.Hōʻike ʻo Feldspar i ke kūpaʻa kemika maikaʻi a kūpaʻa i nā ʻakika, maʻamau paʻakikī ke decompose.Mai ka 5.5 a i ka 6.5 ka paakiki, mai ka 2.55 a hiki i ka 2.75, a me ka helu hehee mai 1185 a i 1490.°C. Loaʻa pinepine ia me ka quartz, muscovite, biotite, sillimanite, garnet, a me nā mea liʻiliʻi o ka magnetite, ilmenite, a me tantalite.
◆Hoʻohana: Hoʻohana ʻia i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ke aniani, ka ceramic maka mea, ka ceramic glazes, enamel maka mea, potassium fertilizer, a me nā pōhaku hoʻonaninani a me nā pōhaku semi-makamaʻi.
◆Nā Kaʻina Koho: Ke koho lima, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka magnetic, flotation.
◆Kinohi a me ka hanana: Loaʻa i nā gneissic a i ʻole gneissic metamorphic pōhaku;aia kekahi mau veins i loko o nā kino pōhaku pōhaku mafic a i ʻole ko lākou mau wahi pili.Hoʻopili nui ʻia i nā pegmatitic feldspar massifs a i ʻole nā pegmatites feldspar hoʻokahi.
2. Kaolinite
◆Nā Pono Kino: He keʻokeʻo ka kaolinite maʻemaʻe akā ʻulaʻula māmā, melemele, uliuli, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a hina paha ma muli o nā haumia.Loaʻa iā ia ka nui o 2.61 a 2.68 a me ka paʻakikī mai ka 2 a hiki i ka 3. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Kaolinite i ka hana ʻana i nā seramika i kēlā me kēia lā a me ka ʻoihana, nā mea refractory, ka hana pepa, ke kūkulu ʻana, ka uhi ʻana, ka pulupulu, ka plastics, textiles, a me ka mea hoʻopiha a i ʻole. puaʻa keʻokeʻo.
◆Hoʻohana: Hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā mea hoʻohana i kēlā me kēia lā a me nā seramika ʻoihana, nā mea refractory, ka hana pepa, ke kūkulu ʻana, nā uhi, ka pulupulu, nā plastics, nā textiles, a me ka mea hoʻopihapiha a i ʻole ka puaʻa keʻokeʻo.
◆Nā ʻano koho: ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale magnetic maloʻo a me ka pulu, hoʻokaʻawale gravity, calcination, bleaching kemika.
◆ʻO Genesus a me ka hanana: Ua hana mua ʻia mai ka silica-alumina-waiwai igneous a me nā pōhaku metamorphic, i hoʻololi ʻia e ka wā a i ʻole ka hoʻololi hydrothermal haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
3. Mika
◆Nā Pono Kino: He keʻokeʻo pinepine ka mika, me nā aka o ka melemele māmā, ka'ōmaʻomaʻo māmā, a iʻole ka hina hina.He aniani aniani kona, e like me ka momi ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻokiʻoki, a me nā lau lahilahi hikiʻole ke lohi.ʻO ka paʻakikī mai ka 1 a hiki i ka 2 a me ka nui mai ka 2.65 a i ka 2.90.Loaʻa ka Mika i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea refractory, keramika, porcelain uila, crucibles, fiberglass, rubber, papermaking, pigments, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, plastics, a ma ke ʻano he mea kōkua no ke kālai kiʻi maikaʻi.
◆Hoʻohana: Hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea refractory, seramika, porcelain uila, crucibles, fiberglass, rubber, papermaking, pigments, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, plastics, a ma ke ʻano he mea kōkua no ke kālai kiʻi maikaʻi.
◆Nā Hana Koho: Ke koho lima, hoʻokaʻawale electrostatic, hoʻokaʻawale magnetic.
◆ʻO Genesus a me ka hanana: Hana nui ʻia e ka hydrothermal alteration o nā pōhaku lua pele ʻakika waena a me nā tuffs, loaʻa pū i loko o nā schists crystalline waiwai nui o ka alumini a me kekahi mau veins quartz hydrothermal haʻahaʻa.
4. Talc
◆Nā Pono Kino: ʻAʻole waihoʻoluʻu ka talc maʻemaʻe akā ʻike pinepine ʻia he melemele, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻeleʻele, a ʻulaʻula paha ma muli o nā haumia.He aniani aniani kona a me ka paakiki o 1 ma ka unahi Mohs.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Talc ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopihapiha i ka hana pepa a me nā ʻoihana pāpaʻi a ma ke ʻano he mea keʻokeʻo i ka ʻoihana textile.Loaʻa iā ia nā noi i nā seramika, nā pena, nā uhi, nā plastic, a me nā mea hoʻonaninani.
◆Hoʻohana: Hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana i ka hana pepa a me nā ʻoihana pāpaʻi, ma ke ʻano he mea keʻokeʻo i ka ʻoihana textile, a me nā seramika, nā pena, nā uhi, nā plastics, a me nā mea hoʻonaninani.
◆Nā ʻano koho: Kohi lima, hoʻokaʻawale electrostatic, hoʻokaʻawale magnetic, hoʻokaʻawale optical, flotation, scrubbing.
◆ʻO Genesis a me ka hanana: Hoʻokumu nui ʻia e ka hydrothermal alteration a me ka metamorphism, pili pinepine me ka magnesite, serpentine, dolomite, a me ka talc schist.
5. Muscovite
◆Nā Pono Kino: ʻO Muscovite kahi ʻano mineral mica, ʻike pinepine ʻia i ke keʻokeʻo, hina, melemele, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a ʻeleʻele paha.He aniani aniani kona me ka momi-like ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻoki.Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Muscovite no nā mea hoʻopau ahi, nā koʻokoʻo welding, plastics, insulation uila, hana pepa, pepa asphalt, rubber, momi puaʻa, plastics, pena, a me ka rubber ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopiha hana.
◆Hoʻohana: Hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā mea kinai ahi, nā lāʻau hoʻoheheʻe, nā plastics, insulation uila, ka hana pepa, ka pepa asphalt, ka pulupulu, nā puaʻa momi, nā plastics, nā pena, a me nā mea hoʻopiha hana.
◆Nā ʻano koho: Flotation, koho makani, koho lima, peeling, koho friction, wili maikaʻi, ultrafine grinding, hoʻololi ʻili.
◆Genesis a me ka hanana: ʻO ka hua mua o ka hana magmatic a me ka hana pegmatitic, i ʻike pinepine ʻia i loko o nā pegmatites granite a me nā mica schists, pili maʻamau me ka quartz, feldspar, a me nā mineral radioactive rare.
Ke hoʻomau nei i ka unuhi:
6. Sodalite
ʻO ka Sodalite kahi ʻōnaehana kristal triclinic, maʻamau i hoʻopalahalaha ʻia nā kristal cylindrical me nā kaha like ʻole ma ka ʻili aniani.Loaʻa iā ia kahi luster vitreous, a ʻo ka haʻihaʻi e hōʻike ana i kahi aniani a me ka momi.Loaʻa nā waihoʻoluʻu mai ka ʻulaʻula a i ka uliuli ʻeleʻele, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, melemele, hina, ʻeleʻele, kala ʻole, a i ʻole keʻokeʻo hina keʻokeʻo.ʻO ka paʻakikī mai ka 5.5 a hiki i ka 7.0, me ka umekaumaha kikoʻī o 3.53 a 3.65.ʻO nā minerala nui he sodalite a me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka silica, me nā minela kōkua e like me ka quartz, ka mica ʻeleʻele, ka mica gula, a me ka chlorite.
ʻO Sodalite kahi huahana metamorphism kūloko i loaʻa i nā schists crystalline a me nā gneisses.ʻO nā mea hana kaulana o ka honua nei ʻo Switzerland, Austria, a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe.Ke wela a hiki i 1300°Hoʻololi ʻia ʻo C, sodalite i mullite, kahi mea refractory kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā pahu kukui, nā nozzles aila, a me nā huahana seramika refractory kiʻekiʻe.Hiki ke unuhi ʻia ka alumini.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā aniani aniani o nā waihoʻoluʻu nani e like me nā pōhaku makamae, me ka polū hohonu ka mea i makemake nui ʻia.ʻO Carolina ʻĀkau ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e hoʻopuka i ka sodalite polū hohonu a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
7.Garnet
◆Nā waiwai kino
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻeleʻele, melemele, ʻulaʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, etc.;akaka i ka translucent;vitreous luster, fracture with resinous luster;ʻaʻohe māhele;paakiki 5.6~7.5;mānoanoa 3.5 ~ 4.2.
◆Nā noi
ʻO ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe o Garnet e kūpono i nā mea abrasive;Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā kristal nui me ka waihoʻoluʻu nani a me ke aniani e like me nā mea waiwai maka.
◆Nā ʻano hoʻokaʻawale
Hoʻokaʻawale lima, hoʻokaʻawale magnetic.
◆Genesis a me ka hanana
Hoʻolaha nuiʻiaʻo Garnet i nā kaʻina hana honua likeʻole, e hana ana i nāʻano likeʻole o ka garnet ma muli o nā kaʻina hana honua likeʻole;ka nui o ka calcium-aluminum garnet series i loko o ka hydrothermal, nā pōhaku alkaline, a me kekahi mau pegmatites;ʻO ka nui o ka magnesium-aluminum garnet series i loko o nā pōhaku igneous a me nā pōhaku metamorphic kūloko, gneisses, a me nā pōhaku lua pele.
8.Biotite
◆Nā waiwai kino
Loaʻa ka biotite i nā pōhaku metamorphic a me nā pōhaku ʻē aʻe e like me ka granite.ʻO ke kala o ka biotite mai ka ʻeleʻele a i ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula, a i ʻole ʻōmaʻomaʻo.Loaʻa iā ia ka ʻulaʻula vitreous, nā kristal elastic, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma mua o ke kui, maʻalahi e haehae i nā ʻāpana, a me ke ʻano o ka pā a i ʻole ke kolamu.
◆Nā noi
Hoʻohana nui ʻia i ke kūkulu ʻana i ke ahi, ka hana pepa, ka pepa asphalt, plastics, rubber, fire extinguishing agents, welding rods, jewelry, momi puaʻa, a me nā ʻoihana kemika ʻē aʻe.I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka biotite i nā mea hoʻonaninani e like me ka pena pōhaku maoli.
◆Nā ʻano hoʻokaʻawale
Flotation, koho makani, koho lima, peeling, friction selection, fine grinding, ultrafine grinding, surface modification.
9.Muscovite
◆Nā waiwai kino
ʻO Muscovite kahi ʻano mineral mica i loko o ka pūʻulu mika keʻokeʻo, kahi silicate o ka aluminika, ka hao, a me ka pālolo.Loaʻa i ka Muscovite ka muscovite ʻeleʻele (nā ʻano like ʻole o ka ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a me ka muscovite māmā (nā ʻano like ʻole o ka melemele māmā).ʻO ka muscovite ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula he aniani a loaʻa iā ia kahi luster vitreous;ʻO ka muscovite ʻeleʻele he semi-transparent.Vitreous i submetallic luster, ili mahele me ka momi luster.ʻO nā lau lahilahi he elastic, paʻakikī 2 ~ 3, gravity kiko'ī 2.70 ~ 2.85, non-conductive.
◆Nā noi
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale, ʻoihana ahi, nā mea hoʻopau ahi, nā lāʻau hoʻoheheʻe, nā plastics, ka insulation uila, ka hana pepa, ka pepa asphalt, ka pahu, nā puaʻa momi, a me nā ʻoihana kemika ʻē aʻe.Hoʻohana ʻia ka pauka mica Ultrafine e like me ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana no nā plastics, coatings, paints, rubber, etc., e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka ikaika mechanical, hoʻonui i ka paʻakikī, adhesion, anti-aging, a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion.
ʻO ka ʻenehana, hoʻohana nui ʻia no kona insulation a me ka pale wela, a me kona kūʻē ʻana i nā waikawa, alkalis, compression, a me nā waiwai peeling, i hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā mea insulation no nā mea uila a me nā mea uila;hoʻohana ʻia ma ka hana ʻana i nā paila mahu, nā puka makani umu ahi hoʻoheheʻe, a me nā ʻāpana mīkini.
◆Nā ʻano hoʻokaʻawale
Flotation, koho makani, koho lima, peeling, friction selection, fine grinding, ultrafine grinding, surface modification.
10.ʻOlivine
◆Nā waiwai kino
ʻOlive'ōmaʻomaʻo, melemele-'ōmaʻomaʻo,'ōmaʻomaʻo hina-'ōmaʻomaʻo,'ōmaʻomaʻo-ʻeleʻele.Vitreous luster, haʻihaʻi maʻamau i ke ʻano o ka pūpū;ʻo ka paʻakikī 6.5 ~ 7.0, keʻano 3.27 ~ 4.37.
◆Nā noi
Hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā mea maka no nā pūhui magnesium a me nā phosphates, i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu calcium-magnesium phosphate;Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka olivine waiwai i ka magnesium e like me nā mea refractory;Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka olivine ʻālohilohi e like me ka pōhaku makamae.
◆Nā ʻano hoʻokaʻawale
Koho hou, hoʻokaʻawale magnetic.
◆Genesis a me ka hanana
Hoʻokumu nui ʻia e ka hana magmatic, e kū ana i nā pōhaku ultrabasic a me nā pōhaku kumu, pili me pyroxene, amphibole, magnetite, nā minerala pūʻulu platinum, etc.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-31-2024